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Entry 32Filed under Breeding

Do Trout Have Teeth? What to Know About Their Mouths

Many trout have small, sharp teeth on the roof of the mouth, but their placement and arrangement vary by species. Here’s what anglers should know about trout teeth and safe handling.
2-minute read By Animalso Team
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Yes. Many familiar trout, including rainbow and brown trout, have small, sharp teeth. A notable set sits on the vomer, a bone along the middle of the roof of the mouth. Tooth placement differs among fish called trout, so the details depend on the species.

Where are trout’s teeth?

Rainbow trout and brown trout have sharp teeth on the vomer, the bone running along the midline of the roof of the mouth. These are called vomerine teeth. Iowa’s Department of Natural Resources describes them in both species, and notes that brown trout’s teeth form an alternating zig-zag row. Iowa DNR’s trout descriptions give species-specific details.

Do all trout have the same teeth?

No. Tooth placement and arrangement vary, and “trout” in a common name does not guarantee identical anatomy.

Brown trout

Brown trout have vomerine teeth on both the head and shaft of the vomer; those along the shaft form a zig-zag row, according to Maine’s Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife. The agency contrasts this pattern with landlocked salmon, which have smaller teeth in a single row on the shaft and few or none on the head. Maine’s brown trout and landlocked salmon comparison describes these traits as identification clues, not a standalone guarantee.

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Brook trout

Brook trout are char, a subgroup of the salmon family, rather than trout in the same sense as rainbow and brown trout. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service says char lack teeth in the roof of the mouth, while Iowa DNR describes brook trout’s vomerine teeth as restricted to the front portion of the vomer. Those statements concern roof-of-mouth teeth and classification; they do not mean brook trout have no teeth anywhere in the mouth. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s brook trout overview explains the char classification.

Can you identify a trout by its teeth?

Teeth can help distinguish related fish, particularly when comparing brown trout with landlocked salmon, but use them alongside other identifying features. The Maine comparison describes differences in vomerine tooth size, arrangement, and placement; it does not establish teeth as an infallible identification test.

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How should you handle a trout?

Trout do not have fin spines, but Massachusetts’ fish-handling guidance notes that they have more developed teeth than sunfish or bass. Wet your hands before handling a fish, grip its body behind the head and gills, and remove the hook by hand or with a tool. Fishing pliers or forceps are optional tools for hook removal; the guidance does not specify a particular design. Do not put fingers inside the fish’s mouth. Massachusetts’ freshwater fish handling guidance provides the handling advice.

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