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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware matchThe deepest confirmed fish sighting is a juvenile snailfish of the genus Pseudoliparis, filmed 8,336 meters (27,349 feet) below the surface in Japan’s Izu-Ogasawara Trench. It was not caught, and the footage does not establish its exact species. The separate record for the deepest fish physically collected belongs to two Pseudoliparis belyaevi found at 8,022 meters in the nearby Japan Trench.
What was spotted 8,336 meters below the surface?
On 15 August 2022, a baited camera recorded a small juvenile snailfish in the Izu-Ogasawara Trench, south of Japan. The Japanese expedition account estimates the fish at about 20 centimeters long. The footage confirmed that it belonged to the snailfish family Liparidae and the order Scorpaeniformes, but it did not provide enough evidence to identify a species. The peer-reviewed report describes it as probably Pseudoliparis belyaevi or a new endemic species, while Guinness World Records and NOAA identify it more cautiously as a Pseudoliparis snailfish.
The record-setting animal was filmed in its habitat, not brought to the surface. Because no specimen was recovered, its species remains unresolved. JAMSTEC’s account of the expedition describes the observation and the limits of identification from the footage.
How does the sighting compare with the deepest fish caught?
“Deepest fish” can refer to two different records: the deepest fish seen alive in place, or the deepest fish physically collected. The 8,336-meter observation sets the first record. The second belongs to two P. belyaevi collected at 8,022 meters in the nearby Japan Trench.
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| Record | Depth | Evidence and identification |
|---|---|---|
| Deepest confirmed fish sighting | 8,336 meters (27,349 feet) | Juvenile Pseudoliparis filmed in the Izu-Ogasawara Trench; not collected, exact species unresolved. |
| Deepest fish physically caught | 8,022 meters (26,319 feet) | Two specimens collected in the Japan Trench and identified as Pseudoliparis belyaevi. |
The figures describe different animals and different kinds of evidence, not a single fish that was filmed and later caught. The peer-reviewed account reports snailfish observations from 6,824 to 8,336 meters and documents 31 deployments in the Japan Trench, where the two specimens were collected. See the 2023 report in Deep Sea Research Part I and the University of Western Australia account.
How was the fish found?
The observation came during the Ring of Fire 2022 Japan Expedition, which surveyed the Japan, Izu-Ogasawara and Ryukyu trenches from 5 August to 19 September 2022. Researchers aboard the deep-sea research vessel DSSV Pressure Drop used baited cameras and traps to investigate the trenches. A camera recorded the juvenile at 8,336 meters in the Izu-Ogasawara Trench; separate deployments in the Japan Trench yielded the collected fish. The expedition’s TUMSAT/JST account gives the expedition context and date.
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Why can snailfish survive at such extreme depth?
At these depths, pressure is immense. One proposed part of the fish’s defense is trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a molecule that helps balance pressure inside cells. Expedition chief scientist Professor Alan Jamieson told Guinness World Records that TMAO reaches a saturation point at roughly 8,200–8,400 meters, helping explain why this range may mark the lower limit for fish.
Snailfish also have traits suited to deep water: a gelatinous body, a largely cartilaginous skeleton, no swim bladder, and gaps in the skull that can accommodate pressure. These features are adaptations, not a guarantee that every snailfish can live at the same depth. NOAA says the 8,336-meter observation is the deepest confirmed fish sighting and that fish are unlikely to live much deeper than about 8,400 meters. At greater depths, documented animals include invertebrates such as sea cucumbers and isopods. See NOAA Ocean Exploration’s overview of the deepest fish and Guinness World Records’ explanation.
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How does this record compare with the earlier depth record?
Before the 2022 observation, the deepest in-situ fish record was a Mariana snailfish filmed at 8,178 meters in 2017. The Izu-Ogasawara sighting is 158 meters deeper. The new record is significant not only for the number: it lies close to the proposed physiological boundary for fish, offering evidence that the deepest trenches are near the edge of where fish can survive.
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