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Entry 142Filed under Breeding

Do Cats Actually Have 9 Lives? What Science Says About Cats and Falls

Cats have one life, and "nine lives" is folklore. Here is what the righting reflex does, why falls can be fatal, and how to prevent them.
4-minute read By Animalso Team
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No. A cat has one life, and “nine lives” is an idiom, not a biological fact. Cats are unusually agile in the air, and that agility can make them look nearly indestructible. But falls can cause serious or fatal injuries, and no cat is guaranteed a safe landing. The headline’s promise that cats really do have nine reasons to be lucky does not hold up once you look at what the sources actually establish.

Where the nine-lives saying came from

Nobody knows exactly where the expression started. Kansas State University’s educational material on cats (the “Two-by-Two Cats” PDF from its Beach Museum of Art; the publication date is not stated) says no one knows the origin and notes that Shakespeare used the expression in Romeo and Juliet. Hill’s Pet Nutrition’s article “Do Cats Really Have Nine Lives?” likewise says the proverb’s first documentation is unknown and places Shakespeare’s reference in the late sixteenth century. Any single explanation you may encounter, whether numerological, Egyptian, or otherwise, is speculation rather than documented fact.

The number itself is not fixed across cultures. Kansas State’s material notes seven lives in certain parts of Spain and six in Turkish and Arabic legends. The idea of a cat with a set number of lives is a folk expression, not a universal belief with one fixed count.

What the righting reflex does, and what it cannot do

A falling cat uses its righting reflex to orient its body and rotate toward a feet-first landing. It is an impressive reflex, and it is the main reason cats so often look as if they have a plan in the air. It is still an orientation mechanism, not a guarantee. A cat can turn correctly and still be seriously injured.

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Injuries from falls from upper floors are grouped under the term high-rise syndrome. As PetMD’s veterinary guidance describes it, the injuries can include chest, shock, head, facial, and limb trauma. Landing well does not rule out any of these.

Why falls can look survivable, and why that is misleading

Air resistance acts against gravity as a cat falls, and the cat’s speed can approach terminal velocity, the speed at which drag balances gravity. Manon Bischoff’s explainer in Scientific American, “Why Do Cats Land on Their Feet? Physics Explains,” notes that estimates of that speed depend on the cat’s size and shape. Terminal velocity limits how fast a cat accelerates, but it is not a safety mechanism. A high fall remains dangerous.

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Survivorship bias also distorts the picture. The same article warns that apparently better outcomes among cats brought to clinics after higher falls may be affected by this bias: cats that die at the scene do not appear in clinic records. A simplified story that cats survive high falls should not be taken as an assurance that any particular fall is survivable.

What the 1987 clinical figures show

The most-cited numbers come from the American Veterinary Medical Association’s interpretive summary of Whitney and Mehlhaff, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 191(11):1399–1403 (1987). The series covered 132 cats diagnosed with high-rise syndrome over a five-month period. The percentages below describe that group only.

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Finding in the 1987 series Share of cases How to read it
Thoracic (chest) trauma, some form 90% Among the 132 diagnosed cats
Facial trauma 57% Among the 132 diagnosed cats
Limb fractures 39% Reported in the JAVMA interpretive summary
Shock 24% Reported in the JAVMA interpretive summary
Traumatic luxations 18% Reported in the JAVMA interpretive summary
Hard-palate fractures 17% Reported in the JAVMA interpretive summary
Hypothermia 17% Reported in the JAVMA interpretive summary
Dental fractures 17% Reported in the JAVMA interpretive summary
Survival 90% of treated cats Treated cats only; not the survival rate for every cat that falls

The survival figure is the one most often misquoted. The summary states, “Ninety percent of the treated cats survived.” That describes cats that were diagnosed and brought in for veterinary treatment. Cats that died before reaching a clinic are not part of that group, so the figure cannot be read as the odds for a cat that falls.

If your cat has fallen

  1. Take the cat to a veterinary hospital immediately. PetMD’s guidance on high-rise syndrome gives this as the first step after a fall.
  2. Do not substitute home monitoring for a veterinary assessment, even if the cat seems to be walking normally.
  3. Tell the clinic that the cat fell and, if you know it, roughly how far.
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How to prevent falls

PetMD’s prevention section states: “Thankfully, high-rise syndrome can be prevented by not giving your cat access to open windows.” The sentence is from veterinarian Melissa Boldan, DVM, in High-Rise Syndrome in Cats, published February 13, 2024. Practical measures from the same guidance include:

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  • 【Ultra-sturdy Material】The balcony screen for pets is made of HDPE and reinforced stainless steel wire, which is stronger and more long-lasting than normal nylon, not easy to tear or wear, and more resistant to cat bites. It is sunproof and heat-resistant, effectively resisting all kinds of bad weather and can be used for a long time. The mesh and wire design allows for normal ventilation, not affecting the line of sight.
  • 【Easy to Install】Our cat mesh fence is designed to be simple and easy to install. (1) Measure and cut the required size. (2) Drill holes in required place and install the hooks. (3) Thread the rope around the net in turn, and tie it tightly to the hooks. (4) Reinforce each side of the net with plastic ties, and cut the excess net finely again. (5) Complete it!
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  • 【Wide Application】The balcony screen for pets can be widely used on a balcony, patio, terrace, garden, railing, yard, and any other place you want, effectively preventing cats from falling or running away! Package List: 1×Cat Balcony Net; 1×Rope; 20×Hooks; 20×Plastic Expansion Pipes; 20×Plastic Ties.
  • Keeping window screens tightly in place, and replacing weak or damaged screens.
  • Keeping unscreened windows shut.
  • Removing furniture that gives a cat access to higher windows.
  • Keeping balcony doors shut, or installing screen doors.
  • Considering a catio, a safe enclosure where a cat can watch birds outdoors.

A replacement window screen can help with the first two measures, but check that its specifications suit your window and your cat. An ordinary screen should not be treated as cat-proof unless its manufacturer states that it is.

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Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

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